Negative space
Negative space is one of those ‘eureka’ techniques that, once you learn, you will never look back. It gives you a completely new way of approaching drawings. Dauntingly complex subjects suddenly become quite easy. Your drawings take on a new air of professionalism. And yet, it’s remarkably simple.
It’s a technique that art teachers are fond of passing on - I’ve heard many a teacher explain it to a class while I modelled for them (”see the area between that sagging tummy and the sagging bosom?”), but I am almost certain that it originated in a book called ‘Drawing on the Right Side of the Brain’ (there are links to it below, and also in the sidebar, where I am particularly pleased to see it being called ‘Drawing on the Right Side of the Bra’. A whole new technique, I reckon). More about this book one day soon, no doubt, but for now let me talk more about negative space.
Negative space is the space between objects. If you imagine a tree against the sky, the negative space is the sky showing through between the leaves and branches. If you are drawing the human figure, the negative space could be a number of things - the triangle between a bent arm and the torso, plus the triangle between two wide legs, etc.
The trick is to draw these shapes, not the object itself. Why? Because we often think we ‘know’ how to draw a person, or a tree, or whatever it is we are drawing, and we fall back on the same old shapes we have always used to do so. The negative space is different each time, so we have to really look before we draw it.
So, now I’ve written about this trick, illustrators all over the world will be putting away their materials and complaining that their secret is out.
The task’s obvious, really, isn’t it? Choose your subject, don’t draw it, draw the negative space, then come back here and post it.
Drawing on the Right Side of the Brain - amazon.co.uk
Drawing on the right side of the Brain - amazon.com
Here’s a quick sketch I did to try to demostrate the techniqe more visually. My husband heroically agreed to lie down and read while I drew him (and yes, I did notice that I fudged the book, thanks - but Drawanyway is about drawing anyway, if you recall).
OK, so far, so nothing special. But here’s the same sketch where I’ve tried to highlight what I drew first. I didn’t draw his face or his clothes - I drew the shapes you see filled with blue.
Come to think of it, Photoshop lets me demonstrate that quite clearly:
Hopefully, you can see how this leaves me with a husband-shaped hole that I haven’t had to draw myself; it just happens by virtue of drawing the space around him.
Here’s a picture of some secondary negative spaces which I then went on to define (not that you need it, but I fancied seeing how he looked with pink hair):

Now, it’s by no means a perfect drawing, but it was much much easier drawing this way than it would have been if I’d started by trying to draw his face. There’s something about drawing a face at an angle that I always get wrong. What’s more, his hands really are that big - I know I would have made them smaller, but that was the space left to me, so that’s where they went.
If none of this makes sense, give it a go for yourself and perhaps you’ll see what I mean.
I’m officially on holiday, with no internet access! But don’t worry, I’ve lined up posts for the week. I’m relying on you guys to post and to respond to one another while I’m away. Do comment on each other’s work - it’s nice to get feedback!
Posted: June 11th, 2007 under Technique, Drawing people.
Comments: 12
12 Comments
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I decided to combine this task with one I missed last week (drawing to fill the page).
I took some of the flipchart paper (A0) from last weekend’s OpenGuides hackfest, and a marker from the same hackfest, and drew a kitchen chair that’d been brought in to the living room during the hackfest. I decided while I was doing this that I don’t like ink as much as pencil (you can see where I started trying to do the shading I normally do when drawing in pencil; it wasn’t working so I stopped). It looks better in the photo than it does in real life.
My feet (UK size 5) are included for scale.
I tried to post this earlier but it didn’t come through (and when I tried to repost it, it said it was a duplicate comment). If this one doesn’t work I’m giving up. Click through for the commentary (am leaving it out this time in case that caused the problem somehow).
Oh, it worked that time. OK, here’s the text:
This is a combination of today’s task, and the “drawing to fill the page” one from last week that I didn’t get around to.
I took some of the flipchart paper (A0) from last weekend’s OpenGuides hackfest, and a marker from the same hackfest, and drew a kitchen chair that’d been brought in to the living room during the hackfest. I decided while I was doing this that I don’t like ink as much as pencil (you can see where I started trying to do the shading I normally do when drawing in pencil; it wasn’t working so I stopped). It looks better in the photo than it does in real life.
My feet (UK size 5) are included for scale.
I love the size of it - well done, you really took the task literally! I actually think the ink works well, and it forced you into block shading rather than the kind you’d do with a pencil, which is an effective thing to do with black ink.
Here’s doop’s — he drew it while sitting on the balcony. His bicycle (and the edge of the balcony door) are on the right, and Juliet (and her chair, I think) are on the left.
Obviously my failure to produce correct grammar in that comment was due to insufficient tea. I have drawn my tea mug to make up for it (will post it in the Drawing Without Lines post since I tried to do it like that).
I like this a lot. A bike is an excellent subject for negative space, isn’t it?
I decided to follow your example and draw the other half using this technique. I’ve always been a bit crap at drawing people though, so er here goes and apologies for posting pictures of ARMPITS on yr lovely blog (haha, he was asleep and towards the end of me sketching did a GREAT BIG SNORE ;)):
I also consciously tried to use a medium that WASN’T pencil for this, so I used a CD marker pen… I like pencil better though, as if you make mistakes you can just incorporate them into the drawing by smudging and shading; here (as you can see) when I stuffed up the outline of his arm it looks a bit crap where I tried to correct it.
Bums forgot to subscribe to comments. Sorry!
I think no apologies are needed here - it’s a lovely picture, even (especially?) the armpits.
I’ve started doing this whenever I’m trying a difficult shape and it really helps. Here’s the view from my boyfriend’s window where I started by drawing the spaces.
Yep, it is definitely my Top Drawing Tip - which, of course, means it’s all downhill from here…